Building Beats from the Inside Out: The Ultimate Guide to Chiptune Makers

There is an unmistakable magic to the blips, buzzes, and arpeggiated swells of retro video game music. Long before modern synthesizers and limitless orchestral sample libraries could fit on a laptop, composers had to squeeze symphonies out of restricted electronic hardware—handfuls of square waves, triangles, and noise generators embedded in vintage silicon chips.